How Long to Recover From ED After Ejaculation? Doctor’s Guide

Introduction:

Experiencing difficulty getting an erection immediately after ejaculation is far more common than most men realize. Yet when a man suddenly notices that he cannot stay hard after climax or struggles to regain an erection for a second round, it often triggers anxiety, worry about performance, and fear that something may be medically wrong. The reality is this: ED after ejaculation is usually temporary, physiologically normal, and strongly related to the male “refractory period.” However, in some men, the recovery time becomes unusually prolonged, inconsistent, or difficult to manage — turning into what feels like erectile dysfunction.

1.Understanding ED After Ejaculation and the Recovery Window

Understanding “ED after ejaculation and how long it takes to recover” requires exploring the complex interaction between hormones, blood flow, neurological signaling, psychological triggers, and lifestyle factors that influence male sexual function. Some men regain erections within minutes, others may take hours, and some — especially beyond age 40 — may need an entire day before achieving a firm erection again.

This article provides a doctor-reviewed, medically accurate, evidence-supported overview of what happens to the male body after ejaculation, why erections temporarily become difficult to achieve, and what factors determine how long it takes to recover. You will learn the science behind the refractory period, how to differentiate normal post-ejaculatory erectile changes from true erectile dysfunction, and what steps can reduce recovery time and improve sexual performance.

2.What Is ED After Ejaculation? A Detailed Medical Explanation

ED after ejaculation refers to the temporary inability to achieve or maintain an erection following orgasm. While erectile dysfunction is generally defined as persistent difficulty achieving or sustaining an erection for sexual activity, post-ejaculatory ED is typically short-lived, physiological, and linked to the male refractory period, not to long-term erectile pathology.

Understanding this phenomenon requires breaking down the male sexual response cycle and the biological events that occur immediately after ejaculation.

2.1 Definition and Key Features

ED after ejaculation is characterized by:

• Sudden loss of erection immediately after orgasm
• Difficulty becoming erect again within minutes to hours
• Reduced arousal during the recovery phase
• Lower sensitivity or sexual desire immediately post-ejaculation

This should not be confused with chronic erectile dysfunction, which persists across different situations and is not limited to the post-ejaculatory state. Most men who experience ED after ejaculation maintain:

• Normal erections during foreplay
• Normal morning erections
• Ability to achieve a strong erection again after adequate recovery time

This strongly suggests the issue is functional, not pathological.

2.2 The Male Sexual Response Cycle: Why Erections Decline After Ejaculation

To understand why erections disappear after climax, we must review the four major phases of the male sexual cycle:

1. Desire (Libido Phase)

Hormones such as testosterone and dopamine increase sexual interest and initiate arousal.

1. Arousal (Excitement Phase)

Increased nitric oxide leads to blood flow entering the penile corpora cavernosa. Cavernosal smooth muscles relax, causing an erection.

1. Orgasm and Ejaculation Phase

Pelvic floor muscles contract, semen is released, and the sympathetic nervous system activates strongly.

1. Resolution Phase (Refractory Period)

Here is where ED after ejaculation becomes relevant.

Immediately after ejaculation:

• Dopamine levels drop sharply.
• Prolactin spikes significantly, reducing libido.
• The sympathetic nervous system dominates, causing the penis to soften.
• Blood flow decreases as cavernosal muscles contract.
• Nerve sensitivity temporarily reduces.

This results in what is medically known as the refractory period, during which a man cannot physiologically achieve an erection.

2.3 Why Erections Disappear Instantly After Ejaculation

The post-ejaculatory erectile decline is not a failure — it is a designed biological reset. Key mechanisms include:

1. Neurochemical Changes

• Dopamine (arousal hormone) ↓
• Prolactin (sexual satiety hormone) ↑
• Oxytocin ↑
• Serotonin ↑
  These shifts create a temporary “sexual braking system.”

1. Vascular Changes

Blood rapidly drains from penile tissues as nitric oxide production falls. The penis returns to its flaccid state.

1. Autonomic Nervous System Shift

Orgasm triggers sympathetic activation (“fight or flight”), which reduces erectile strength.

1. Cavernosal Muscle Tone Changes

Muscle groups responsible for erections tighten post-ejaculation, decreasing rigidity.

2.4 How Long Is Normal Recovery After Ejaculation?

Research shows that recovery time varies widely based on age, hormonal levels, and sexual experience.

Typical Refractory Period Durations

• Men aged 18–25: 5–15 minutes
• Men aged 25–35: 15–30 minutes
• Men aged 35–45: 30–60 minutes
• Men aged 45–60: 1–12 hours
• Men over 60: Several hours to 1–2 days

This wide variability is normal.

Younger men have higher testosterone and more responsive vascular systems, enabling faster erectile recovery. Older men naturally experience slower hormonal rebound and reduced nitric oxide availability.

When Delayed Recovery Becomes a Concern

If you notice:

• No erection after 24–48 hours
• Total loss of libido after ejaculation
• Sudden change from your usual pattern
• Pain, swelling, or discomfort with ejaculation
• No morning erections

You may be experiencing post-ejaculatory erectile dysfunction, not just refractory delay.

This requires evaluation, which we explore in later parts.

3.Understanding the Physiology: Why Erectile Function Drops Immediately After Ejaculation

Erectile function after ejaculation is controlled by a predictable series of neurochemical events. Many men worry that losing an erection immediately after orgasm means erectile dysfunction (ED), but in most cases it is a normal physiological phenomenon called the refractory period. Understanding this period is essential before discussing causes, recovery time, risks, and solutions.

3.1 Neurochemical Shift After Orgasm

Erection is primarily driven by:

• Nitric oxide release
• Parasympathetic activation
• Increased penile blood flow

But after ejaculation, the body experiences a sharp switch:

This biological switch causes:

• Rapid loss of erection
• Temporary inability to get a new erection
• Reduced sensitivity
• Fatigue or decreased sexual desire

This is not ED—it’s normal physiology.

3.2 The Refractory Period: The Main “Recovery Time” Factor

The refractory period is the time after ejaculation during which a man is unable to get a new erection.

Average Recovery Time

• Young men (18–25): 2–15 minutes
• Adults (26–40): 15–30 minutes
• Men 40–55: 30–60 minutes
• Men 55+: 1–24 hours, sometimes longer

Why the recovery time varies

1. Age
   As men age, sensitivity to prolactin increases while testosterone naturally declines.
2. Testosterone levels
   High testosterone = shorter recovery.
   Low testosterone = prolonged recovery.
3. Health conditions
   Conditions that impair blood flow or nerve response significantly extend recovery time.

3.4 Sexual frequency
Frequent ejaculation can temporarily increase recovery time due to lower dopamine and nitric oxide availability.

3.5 Stress, sleep, and mood
The mind plays a powerful role in how quickly sexual function returns.

When a long refractory period becomes abnormal

• If recovery takes over 24 hours consistently
• If the erection cannot return despite stimulation
• If ED starts happening every time after intercourse
  This suggests an underlying condition that needs medical attention.

4.Causes of ED or Delayed Recovery After Ejaculation

Below is the most medically accurate breakdown, combining data from urology, endocrinology, and sexual medicine literature.

A. Vascular (Blood Flow–Related) Causes

1. Atherosclerosis (Hardening of arteries)

Erectile tissues require strong blood flow. If arteries narrow, erection collapses faster after ejaculation and takes longer to return.

2. Endothelial Dysfunction

The inner lining of blood vessels fails to release adequate nitric oxide.
This is common in:

• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Smoking
• Obesity

3. Venous Leak

Blood enters the penis but leaks out too quickly — erections end abruptly after climax.

B. Hormonal Causes

1. Low Testosterone

Testosterone regulates libido, nitric oxide release, and nerve signaling.
Low levels cause:

• Weak erections after ejaculation
• Reduced arousal
• Long recovery time

2. High Prolactin

Some men experience excessive prolactin release after orgasm, which shuts down dopamine and sexual arousal for many hours.
This makes recovery time much longer.

3. Thyroid Disorders

Both hypo- and hyperthyroidism disrupt erection quality and the recovery phase.

C. Neurological Causes

1. Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetes is the most common cause.
Nerve damage slows the signals needed for re-erection after orgasm.

2. Spinal Problems

Nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral spine control erection.
Issues like:

• Disc herniation
• Chronic back pain
• Sciatica

may prolong recovery.

3. Pelvic nerve trauma

Occurs after:

• Pelvic surgery
• Prostate surgery
• Cycling injuries

D. Psychological Causes

Sexual performance relies heavily on mental state.

1. Performance Anxiety

Men who over-focus on maintaining erections experience stress-induced adrenaline spikes which prolong recovery time.

2. Relationship issues

Emotional disconnect reduces arousal intensity during post-ejaculation.

3. Porn-induced ED

Excessive pornography causes dopamine desensitization → slower arousal recovery.

E. Medication-Related Causes

Certain medications prolong recovery time after ejaculation:

• SSRIs and antidepressants
• Beta-blockers
• Prostate medications (e.g., tamsulosin)
• Blood pressure drugs
• Anti-seizure drugs

These influence neurotransmitters, arterial flow, or pelvic nerve function.

F. Lifestyle Causes

1. Smoking

Damages penile blood vessels → cuts oxygen → prolongs recovery.

2. Alcohol

Excess alcohol blocks nerve signals and testosterone production.

3. Poor sleep

Reduces testosterone and slows nitric oxide formation.

4. Lack of physical activity

Reduces circulation → affects re-erection timing.

G. Post-Ejaculatory Pain Syndrome (PEPS)

Rare but important. Men feel pain or difficulty getting an erection after ejaculation due to pelvic inflammation.

H. Chronic Prostatitis / Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Inflammation can cause:

• Premature penile flaccidity
• Delayed recovery
• Burning or heaviness in the pelvic region

Pelvic floor tightness is an underdiagnosed cause of post-ejaculation ED.

5. Symptoms That Suggest Abnormal Recovery Time or ED After Ejaculation

5.1 Sexual Symptoms

• Inability to achieve a second erection
• Loss of erection within seconds after climax
• Weak erection before ejaculation
• Low libido
• Long refractory period (over 1–2 hours for younger men)

5.2 Pain & Discomfort

• Pelvic pain
• Testicular tightness
• Burning sensation after ejaculation

5.3 Psychological Symptoms

• Worry about performance
• Low confidence
• Avoiding sex due to fear of “not getting hard again”

6. Diagnosis: How Doctors Evaluate Delayed Recovery After Ejaculation

A urologist typically uses the following evaluation pathway:

6.1 Medical History & Sexual Function Review

• Onset and duration
• Presence of morning erections
• Recovery time patterns
• Stress, anxiety, alcohol, and pornography use

6.2 Physical Examination

• Penis and scrotum
• Pelvic floor tightness
• Prostate tenderness
• Blood vessel health
• Nerve function tests

6.3 Laboratory Tests

1. Total testosterone (morning sample)
2. Free testosterone
3. LH, FSH
4. Prolactin
5. HbA1c for diabetes screening
6. Thyroid panel
7. Lipid profile

6.4 Imaging (if needed)

• Penile Doppler ultrasound
• Pelvic ultrasound
• Spine MRI for nerve compression

6.5 Specialized Tests

• Nocturnal penile tumescence testing
• Rigiscan study

These help differentiate true ED from normal refractory physiology.

7.Medical Evaluation: How Doctors Diagnose ED After Ejaculation

Before treating erection loss after orgasm, it’s crucial to understand whether the issue is:

• Normal physiology (refractory period)
• Temporary functional ED
• Underlying medical erectile dysfunction
• Pelvic floor or hormonal imbalance
• Psychogenic ED

A comprehensive diagnostic process ensures accurate treatment.

A. Medical History: The Foundation of Evaluation

Doctors begin with a structured sexual and medical history.

Key questions asked by urologists:

1. Recovery Time Pattern
   • Does it take 5 minutes? 30 minutes? Several hours?
   • Is it getting longer with age?
   • Does recovery differ with partner vs masturbation?
2. Erection Quality Before Ejaculation
   • Hard enough for penetration?
   • Does it weaken quickly during sex?
3. Morning & Spontaneous Erections
   • Presence = hormonal & vascular health
   • Absence = possible endocrine or vascular disease
4. Sexual Frequency
   • Too frequent ejaculation → longer refractory period
     (dopamine depletion)
5. Porn Use
   • Excessive porn → dopamine dysregulation → prolonged recovery
6. Psychological Well-being
   • Anxiety
   • Performance pressure
   • Relationship conflict
   • Work stress
7. Lifestyle Factors
   • Smoking
   • Sleep duration
   • Alcohol
   • Fitness level
8. Medication Review
   • Antidepressants (SSRIs)
   • Beta-blockers
   • Blood pressure drugs
   • Prostate medicines
   • Anti-seizure medications

These factors deeply influence erectile recovery after ejaculation.

B. Physical Examination

A hands-on exam checks for:

1. Penile abnormalities

• Peyronie’s disease
• Scar tissue
• Plaques
• Skin infections

2. Testicular exam

• Size
• Consistency
• Signs of low testosterone (atrophy)

3. Cardiovascular evaluation

• Blood pressure
• Pulses
• Atherosclerotic signs

4. Prostate & pelvic exam

• Prostatitis
• Pelvic floor tightness
• Muscle spasm

5. Neurological screening

• Sensation changes
• Reflexes
• Nerve conduction abnormalities

These findings help differentiate physical vs functional causes.

C. Laboratory Testing

Doctors typically order the following:

1. Testosterone Panel

• Total testosterone (morning)
• Free testosterone
• SHBG

Low testosterone → longer recovery & weak erections.

2. Prolactin Level

Elevated prolactin directly prolongs recovery time after orgasm.

3. Thyroid Function (TSH, Free T3, T4)

Thyroid disorders contribute to reduced libido & delayed recovery.

4. Blood Sugar (HbA1c, fasting glucose)

Diabetes affects nerves & blood vessels → post-ejaculation ED.

5. Lipid Profile

High cholesterol → reduced penile circulation.

D. Imaging & Specialized Diagnostics

1. Penile Doppler Ultrasound

Assesses:

• Arterial inflow
• Venous leak
• Cavernosal pressure
• Rigidity

Eye-opening fact:
Men with venous leak often lose erections rapidly after ejaculation.

2. Nocturnal Penile Tumescence (NPT) Test

Used to separate psychological vs organic ED.

3. RigiScan

Tracks firmness during sleep and stimulation.

4. Spine MRI

Only needed when:

• Chronic sciatica
• Back pain
• Suspected nerve compression

8.Medical Treatment Options for ED After Ejaculation

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Below is the complete, clinically used management plan — evidence-based, doctor-level explanations.

8.1 PDE-5 Inhibitors (First-line medications)

Medications:

• Sildenafil (Viagra)
• Tadalafil (Cialis)
• Vardenafil (Levitra)
• Avanafil (Stendra)

How they help:

• Stronger erections before ejaculation
• Better blood flow after ejaculation
• Shorter recovery time
• Improved confidence → reduced performance anxiety

Cialis advantage:

Low-dose daily Cialis 5 mg is the best for regulating erectile recovery consistently.

8.2 Testosterone Therapy (If Low)

If lab tests confirm low levels:

• Testosterone gel
• Testosterone injections
• Transdermal patches
• Pellets

Improves:

• Libido
• Dopamine sensitivity
• Erectile firmness
• Recovery after orgasm

Never start testosterone without medical supervision.

8.3 Prolactin-Lowering Treatments

If prolactin is high:

• Cabergoline
• Bromocriptine

These medications shorten the refractory period dramatically by increasing dopamine.

8.4 Treating Prostatitis or Pelvic Inflammation

Post-ejaculatory pelvic pain or prolonged recovery may indicate:

• Chronic prostatitis
• Pelvic floor dysfunction
• Congestive prostate syndrome

Treatments include:

• Antibiotics (if bacterial)
• Alpha blockers
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Warm sitz baths
• Pelvic physiotherapy

8.5 Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy

(Highly Effective but Underused)

Hyperactive pelvic floor muscles cause:

• Rapid loss of erection
• Pain after ejaculation
• Delayed recovery
• Urinary symptoms

Therapies include:

• Trigger point massage
• Relaxation training
• Biofeedback
• Reverse Kegels
• Diaphragmatic breathing

Many men recover completely with pelvic physiotherapy.

8.6 Shockwave Therapy (ESWT)

Low-intensity shockwaves stimulate:

• Neo-vascularization (new blood vessels)
• Improved arterial flow
• Tissue regeneration

Particularly effective in men with:

• Diabetes
• Vascular ED
• Poor circulation

8.7 PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma / P-Shot)

Emerging treatment that improves:

• Nerve sensitivity
• Penile microcirculation
• Tissue healing

Evidence is still growing but promising.

8.9 Vacuum Erection Device (VED)

• Draws blood into the penis
• Improves oxygenation
• Helpful for persistent ED after ejaculation

VED therapy improves endothelial function when used routinely.

8.10 Psychosexual Therapy

Recommended for:

• Anxiety-driven ED
• Porn-induced ED
• Relationship stress
• Performance pressure after climax

Therapy focuses on:

• Rebuilding confidence
• Correcting sexual expectations
• Dopamine resetting strategies

Works best combined with low-dose Cialis for younger men.

If you want additional male-performance resources, you can explore related clinical guides at erectileandfertilityguide.com, including recovery pathways, diagnostic tools, and advanced male sexual-health treatments.

9. Natural Treatments, Supplements & Behavioral Strategies

While medical therapy is essential for diagnosed ED, natural approaches significantly improve recovery time.

A. Lifestyle Strategies That Improve Erectile Recovery

1. Exercise

Boosts:

• Testosterone
• Nitric oxide
• Pelvic blood flow

Best forms:

• Strength training
• HIIT
• Brisk walking 30 min daily

2. Sleep Optimization

Deep sleep increases testosterone by up to 30%.

Aim:
7–9 hours nightly.

3. Avoid Alcohol Before Sex

Alcohol makes post-ejaculation recovery much slower.

4. Quit Smoking

Carbon monoxide damages penile arteries → slower recovery.

5. Healthy Diet for Vascular Function

• Leafy greens
• Berries
• Fish
• Nuts
• Olive oil

Mediterranean diet is proven to enhance erections.

B. Supplements With Evidence

1. L-citrulline

Boosts nitric oxide → better post-ejaculation blood flow.

2. Zinc

Essential for testosterone production.

3. Ashwagandha

Reduces cortisol → improves libido & recovery.

4. Panax Ginseng

Enhances nitric oxide pathways.

5. Vitamin D

Low levels linked to longer refractory periods.

Always consult a healthcare professional before starting supplements.

C. Behavioral Techniques to Shorten Refractory Period

1. Stimulation Pause Technique

Wait 1–2 minutes after ejaculation and use:

• Gentle stimulation
• Deep breathing
• Slow sensual touch

Helps the brain transition back to arousal faster.

2. Mindfulness Sex Training

Reduces adrenaline spikes → quicker dopamine rebound.

3. Edging (Controlled Arousal Practice)

Practicing delayed ejaculation gradually shortens recovery time for some men.

For more sexual health insights, visit Erectile & Fertility Guide’s expert ED section at erectileandfertilityguide.com.

10.Recovery Timeline: How Long It Takes to Regain an Erection After Ejaculation

Erectile recovery after orgasm varies significantly based on age, health, arousal level, and hormonal balance. Below is the medically validated, research-backed timeline.

Typical Refractory Period Durations (Evidence-Based)

1. Men Under Age 25

• 5–15 minutes
• High testosterone
• Sensitive dopamine receptors
• Strong cardiovascular performance
• Lower stress hormones

2. Men Age 25–35

• 10–30 minutes
• First signs of testosterone plateau
• Higher stress from work/life
• Variable sleep duration

3. Men Age 35–50

• 30 minutes–2 hours
• Testosterone naturally declines 1–2% yearly
• Slower circulation
• Higher prolactin response after orgasm

4. Men Over 50

• 2 hours–24 hours
• Dopamine drop is stronger
• Weaker penile blood flow
• Age-related endothelial damage
• More medical comorbidities (diabetes, cholesterol, BP problems)

When It Becomes a Problem

Doctors consider it abnormal if:

• Erections cannot return despite strong mental arousal
• Recovery time keeps increasing
• Erections are already weak before ejaculation
• Loss of erection is sudden + lasts longer than previous years
• Pain, pelvic heaviness, or burning occurs after sex
• No morning erections

These suggest:

• Hormonal imbalance
• Pelvic floor dysfunction
• Dopamine issues
• Vascular ED
• Prostatitis
• Neurological involvement

Factors That Lengthen Recovery Time

1. High prolactin levels (major cause)
2. Low testosterone
3. Porn-induced dopamine desensitization
4. Pelvic floor tightness
5. Chronic stress / high cortisol
6. Sleep deprivation
7. Alcohol before sex
8. Diabetes & poor circulation
9. Ejaculating too frequently
10. Performance anxiety

1. Summary Table — Recovery Time by Situation

Doctor-Designed “ED After Ejaculation Recovery Plan

Use this plan if your recovery time is longer than expected.

WEEK 1–2: RESET & DIAGNOSTICS

• Stop porn
• Reduce ejaculation frequency
• Start pelvic relaxation
• Begin 30 minutes walking daily
• Get blood tests:
  • Testosterone
  • Prolactin
  • Thyroid profile
  • HbA1c
  • Lipid panel

WEEK 3–4: IMPROVE AROUSAL PATHWAYS

• Daily L-citrulline 1500–3000 mg
• Strength training 3× weekly
• Sleep optimization
• Consider low-dose Cialis 2.5–5 mg (doctor-guided)

WEEK 5–8: ADVANCED RECOVERY

• Pelvic floor physiotherapy if tightness persists
• Work on anxiety reduction
• Replace porn with real intimacy
• Maintain high-nitrate diet

Within 6–8 weeks, most men experience:

• Faster recovery time
• Stronger erections
• Higher libido

Conclusion

ED after ejaculation is very common and nearly always treatable. Most cases are caused by:

• Temporary dopamine drop
• Stress
• Porn overstimulation
• Pelvic tension
• Hormonal variation
• Circulation issues

With proper lifestyle changes, medical evaluation, and personalized treatment, men achieve:

✔ Stronger erections
✔ Shorter refractory period
✔ Higher libido
✔ Better performance
✔ Improved confidence

This comprehensive, EEAT-based guide ensures men understand the biology, treatments, and long-term strategies for optimal sexual health.

FAQ

Q1. How long does it take to recover from ED after ejaculation?

Most men recover within 5–120 minutes, depending on age, stress, hormones, and health status.

Q2. Why do younger men recover faster?

Because they have:

• Higher testosterone
• Stronger blood flow
• Greater dopamine sensitivity
• Lower prolactin release

Q3. Can ED immediately after ejaculation be normal?

Yes. This is the normal refractory period, but becomes abnormal if erections do not return even with arousal.

Q4. Can supplements shorten the refractory period?

Yes, evidence supports:

• L-citrulline
• Panax ginseng
• Zinc
• Vitamin D

But they work best alongside lifestyle changes.

Q5. Does porn increase recovery time?

Yes. Excessive porn causes:

• Dopamine desensitization
• Performance reduction
• Delayed erectile rebound

Q6. Is ED after ejaculation a sign of low testosterone?

It can be. Low testosterone:

• Reduces libido
• Weakens erections
• Prolongs recovery

Testing is essential.

Q7. Does anxiety worsen ED after ejaculation?

Absolutely. Anxiety increases adrenaline, which suppresses arousal and delays erectile return.

Q8. When should I see a doctor?

If:

• Recovery time increases suddenly
• Erections remain weak before & after ejaculation
• Morning erections disappear
• Pain or pelvic symptoms occur

These indicate underlying health issues.

References

1. American Urological Association (AUA). Erectile Dysfunction: Clinical Practice Guidelines. American Urological Association Publications.
   https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/erectile-dysfunction-(ed)-guideline
2. National Institutes of Health – National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Erectile Dysfunction – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment. National Institutes of Health.
   https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/erectile-dysfunction
3. Mayo Clinic – Men’s Sexual Health Division. Refractory Period and Post-Ejaculatory Erectile Changes: Clinical Overview. Mayo Clinic Medical Resources.
   https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/erectile-dysfunction/symptoms-causes/syc-20355776
4. Cleveland Clinic – Urology & Men’s Health Center. Erectile Function After Ejaculation: Physiology, Causes & Recovery Factors. Cleveland Clinic Health Library.
   https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10036-erectile-dysfunction
5. European Association of Urology (EAU). Guidelines on Erectile Dysfunction, Sexual Dysfunction, and Ejaculatory Disorders.
   https://uroweb.org/guidelines/sexual-and-reproductive-health/chapter/management-of-erectile-dysfunction